CHRONIC COMPLICATIONS: DIABETIC FOOT

Abstract

Diabetic foot is one of the most severe chronic complications of Diabetes mellitus, leading to significant morbidity, reduced quality of life, and increased risk of amputation. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and treatment outcomes of patients with diabetic foot complications. A prospective observational study was conducted involving 100 patients with confirmed diabetic foot conditions. Clinical, laboratory, and microbiological assessments were performed, and patients were followed for a period of six months. The results demonstrated that peripheral neuropathy, poor glycemic control, and peripheral arterial disease were the most significant contributing factors to the development and severity of diabetic foot. A high proportion of patients presented with advanced-stage ulcers, indicating delayed diagnosis and treatment. Microbiological analysis revealed a predominance of polymicrobial infections, with Staphylococcus aureus being the most common pathogen. Treatment outcomes showed that early-stage ulcers had significantly better healing rates, while advanced cases were associated with higher rates of surgical intervention and amputation. In conclusion, early diagnosis, strict glycemic control, and a multidisciplinary approach are essential for improving outcomes in patients with diabetic foot. Preventive strategies, including patient education and regular foot care, play a crucial role in reducing the incidence and severity of complications.