Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer

Vol. 12 No. 11 (2025)
International Multidisciplinary Journal for Research & Development

Articles

BUILDING THE FUTURE OF COPYRIGHT IN UZBEKISTAN: A COMPARATIVE LOOK AT THE U.S. EXPERIENCE AND WHAT IT CAN TEACH US

Published 2025-11-30

  • Nuriddin Khudoyberdiev

Nuriddin Khudoyberdiev
LL.M., Penn State Law, The Pennsylvania State University, USA; LL.M. and LL.B., Tashkent State University of Law, Uzbekistan.

Abstract

Over the last twenty years, Uzbekistan has taken important steps to build a modern copyright system. The 2006 Law on Copyright and Related Rights, our accession to the Berne Convention and the WIPO treaties, and the steady reform efforts of recent years all show a clear direction of travel. At the same time, there is still work to be done. The digital world has grown faster than our enforcement tools, and many authors in Uzbekistan are not yet sure how to protect what they create online. This paper is written in a spirit of careful learning. As an Uzbek lawyer studying intellectual property at Penn State Law, I have spent time looking closely at how the United States handles digital copyright—its strengths, its limits, and the lessons it offers. The paper gently sets the two systems side by side and asks a simple question: which ideas from the U.S. experience can help Uzbekistan move forward? It proposes five friendly, practical reforms—a notice-and-takedown procedure, a repeat-infringer rule for online platforms, an accreditation framework for collective rights organizations under Article 56 of our Copyright Law, a shared public infrastructure for protecting works online, and an early, thoughtful framework for artificial intelligence. None of these reforms requires us to abandon our legal traditions. They simply add the operational tools our authors and creators need.

Keywords

Uzbekistan, copyright reform, digital media, DMCA, comparative law, collective management, artificial intelligence.

PDF

References

  1. BMG Rights Management (US) LLC v. Cox Communications, Inc., 881 F.3d 293 (4th Cir. 2018).
  2. Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc., 510 U.S. 569 (1994).
  3. Lenz v. Universal Music Corp., 815 F.3d 1145 (9th Cir. 2016).
  4. New York Times Co. v. Microsoft Corp., No. 1:23-cv-11195 (S.D.N.Y. filed Dec. 27, 2023).
  5. Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. Ross Intelligence Inc., No. 1:20-cv-00613 (D. Del. Feb. 11, 2025).
  6. Viacom International, Inc. v. YouTube, Inc., 676 F.3d 19 (2d Cir. 2012).
  7. Statutes, Treaties, and Regulatory Materials
  8. Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, Sept. 9, 1886 (as revised at Paris, July 24, 1971).
  9. Civil Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, arts. 1031–1065.
  10. Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Administrative Responsibility, art. 177(2).
  11. Copyright Act of 1976, 17 U.S.C. §§ 101–1401.
  12. Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, art. 149.
  13. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PP-3047 (May 4, 2017).
  14. Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Pub. L. No. 105-304, 112 Stat. 2860 (1998).
  15. Directive 2019/790 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 April 2019 on Copyright and Related Rights in the Digital Single Market, 2019 O.J. (L 130) 92.
  16. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Copyright and Related Rights, No. ZRU-42 (July 20, 2006, as amended 2021).
  17. U.S. Copyright Office, Copyright and Artificial Intelligence, Part 2: Copyrightability (Jan. 2025).
  18. WIPO Copyright Treaty, Dec. 20, 1996, S. Treaty Doc. No. 105-17.
  19. Secondary Sources
  20. Shakhnoza Almosova, Protection of Intellectual Property Rights under the Constitution and State Programs, 2 Review of Law Sciences 72 (2020).
  21. Javohir Eshonqulov & Maftuna Sultonova, Digital Media and Copyright: Legal Disputes and Agreements, 5 Int’l J. Artificial Intelligence 1149 (2025).
  22. A. Yuldashov, The Importance of National Intellectual Property Strategies and the Role of the World Intellectual Property Organization, 1(2) Yurist Akhborotnomasi 53 (2020).
  23. A. Yuldashov & M. Choriev, Contractual-Legal Relations in the Field of Copyright and Liability for Copyright Infringement: National and Foreign Experience, 1(1/s) Society and Innovations 511 (2020).
  24. Chenyi Zhao, A Study on the Improvement of Collective Management System of Copyright in the Digital Era, 554 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research 33 (2021).

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.