TOLERANCE AS A SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL PHENOMENON

Abstract

This article examines tolerance as a socio-psychological phenomenon in the context of contemporary globalization and increasing cultural, religious, and ethnic diversity. Tolerance is interpreted as a fundamental value that promotes mutual respect, understanding, and cooperation among individuals and social groups. From a socio-psychological perspective, tolerance is analyzed as a complex construct consisting of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral components that are formed through social interaction and socialization processes. The theoretical foundations of tolerance are explored through the works of scholars such as Gordon Allport, Henri Tajfel, and Milton Rokeach, highlighting the role of stereotypes, social identity, and value systems. The article also discusses key mechanisms of tolerance formation, including education, interpersonal communication, and cultural environment, with particular emphasis on Allport’s contact hypothesis. Furthermore, the importance of tolerance in ensuring social stability, strengthening democratic values, fostering personal development, and preventing extremism is emphasized. The study concludes that promoting tolerance should be a priority for modern societies, requiring coordinated efforts from educational systems, social institutions, and public policy.