EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PLANTING SYSTEMS AND METHODS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF UNDERGROUND ORGANS OF SWEET POTATO (IPOMOEA BATATAS L.)

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of different planting systems and methods on the development of underground organs of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). The formation and development of storage roots, which represent the main yield-forming organs of sweet potato, were evaluated under varying soil moisture conditions, thermal regimes, and nutrient availability. Morphological and biological characteristics of the root system, including absorbing roots, adventitious roots, and storage roots, were analyzed throughout the growing season. The results demonstrated that planting density and cultivation method significantly influenced root morphology, dry matter accumulation, and storage root development. Cultivation under plastic mulch created favorable microclimatic conditions, resulting in enhanced assimilate translocation and improved storage root characteristics compared to open-field cultivation.