ISOLATION OF GOSSYPOL FROM COTTON PLANT ROOTS AND ITS MODIFICATION

Abstract

The isolation and modification of gossypol from the roots of the cotton plant (Gossypium) is of current scientific significance. Gossypol is a natural polyphenolic compound with antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. This article describes modern extraction methods for obtaining gossypol from cotton roots, including supercritical fluid extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and microbiological synthesis. During the modification process, methods such as etherification, acylation, halogenation, and the creation of composite materials with polymer matrices are applied to improve the physicochemical properties of gossypol, enhance its biological activity, and reduce its toxicity. The resulting modified gossypol derivatives can find broad applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agriculture, and industrial sectors.