THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC ROOTS OF THE JADID MOVEMENT IN THE LATE 19TH – EARLY 20TH CENTURY

Abstract

This article examines the socio-economic foundations of the Jadid movement that emerged in Central Asia at the turn of the 20th century. The study explores the historical and economic context that gave rise to a group of intellectuals, educators, and reformers—collectively known as Jadids—who sought to modernize Muslim society in Turkestan. By analyzing colonial policies, economic stagnation, the impact of Russian imperialism, and traditional educational system failures, the research reveals how these factors contributed to the development of a reformist ideology grounded in enlightenment, national revival, and economic progress.